Nothing indicates the speed varies from object to object.
On the contrary, the scans I sent do. "An object will disintegrate at a certain speed," not "all objects will disintegrate at lightspeed." In the entire book, that has only ever applied to Shinra, there is no reason why it should apply to everyone else.
Lightspeed is just the limit, actually even now Shinra should physically be the strongest in the verse and still dematerializes.
Like my earlier post explains, everything points toward it being Shinra's limit. And no, Shinra isn't physically the strongest,up until he goes to Adolla people like Benimaru, Dragon and Charon still are physically stronger and have more endurance. MT level Burns got close to making him bleed out, he is never shown training, got KO'd for three months and goes back to sleep for almost forty chapters. Like everyone else, he got "stronger" because of the proximity change, which enhanced his pyrokinesis. Not sheer strength. So, no.
Joker is more than likely reacting after after time is started again. We see he stops time then attacks after he starts again.
Your scan is entirely out of context, that is from when Sho first arrives at the workshop. He clashes with Joker much later when everyone is trying to get away. Like I said, the proof is in the feathers and they start to manifest while Sho draws his sword, which essentially proves that Severed Universe is active and time is stopped. Sho even goes as far as expressing astonishment that Joker could neg it, so you have almost no point here.
Which makes sense since he can't stay in it for long.
Absolutely irrelevant. The clash with Joker was one page long. Unless you're trying to insinuate that Sho can't keep his ability on for that long, I suggest you abandon this.
The time manipulation has nothing to do with grace or an adolla burst. They helped him reached the speed earlier on but he later could do it on his own with raw speed as well.
It does have to do with an Adolla Burst. My earlier post explains how AB makes impossible feats available to the user. It's the same reason why Shinra cannot do other things attached to that movement like create a black hole, because his fourth gen ability is time manipulation only. Licht's entire explanation centers around using physics to explain something completely otherworldly, which he struggled to do because he made a number of mistakes. Despite that, he credits the time manipulation to the Evangelist and AB by proxy. Shinra can reach LS on his own because his link to Adolla is strengthened by the Cataclysm. Again, no, it is not verse canon that everyone starts to disintegrate at lightspeed, that entire conversation is Licht explaining Shinra's powers. I see no reason why it should apply to everyone else in-verse. As a matter of fact, Sho continues to fight equally with Shinra once his speed reaches that of light. Does Sho disintegrate? No. Neither does Stage IV Burns, who did the exact same thing once Shinra's feet started disintegrating. It does not apply to anyone else.
Humea being shocked that Shinra could react to a lightspeed attack should indicate that lightspeed is exclusive to him as well
Nope.
Hope this helps.