Relevant Joseph info.
In regards to AP, they're likely about even, Charles is 4.14 tons, and Joseph scales to dudes who can stomp and manhandle 2 tonners. And his Ultimate Hamon Overdrive is able to one shot something that could oneshot someone who is 3x him, meaning if Joseph lands this move, he basically kills his foe twice over.
If he's outranged, he's just gonna flee and then set shit up to give himself an advantage, or lure his foe into a place that he can't optimally use his long range methods (Inside a building for example or a billion other places where his foe will be forced to follow him that cuts off that advantage). Though, it is important to note that Joseph actually does have decent range, it just depends on the environment, some things can channel Hamon for tens of meters, and depending on his equipment, the range gets extended to whatever that weapon had as it'd just be that weapon + infused with Hamon.
In regards to firearms, darts, and the like, Joseph is capable of deflecting fire like that. even pre-training, he could harden substances to the point they could deflect bullets, even something as mundane as someone's hair can be used as shielding to deflect weaponry, of course, Joseph can harden any organic matter to ludicrous degrees to do this, thus being outgunned, snipped, and the like isn't exactly a win condition against Joseph.
His foe lacks any resistance to Joseph's hax, all Joseph needs is one touch to win, whether that be via mind control, sleep inducement (his foe has these too tho), body control and puppetry, hypnosis, to even the more lethal organ failure.
While I said with one touch, this touch doesn't need to be from Joseph physically, Joseph is capable of channeling his Hamon through objects and even storing it within some objects, this can be things like wires, where Joseph sets up wiretraps that if his foe comes into contact with will get Hamon'd, or metal objects like steel paneling, chains, and the like. Things like liquid can also be manipulated, channeled and stored with Hamon, from water, blood to even shit like coca cola.
Joseph can also heal himself, being able to heal things like stab wounds, cuts, torn tissue, broken bones and even a broken neck.
Joseph outlasts his foe by a ridiculous degree too, his stamina is immense, he can run tens of kilometers in one breath, and hundreds in one, his training had him do shit like climb a pillar using Hamon but only from his finger tips, something that is exhausting, and yet, he could manage for almost 3 days doing this, Hamon also halts his bodily functions and needs while in use, this allowed him to go without rest, food and drink and in his own words, taking a piss, for days, thus if it comes down to it, between stamina, hamon and healing, he will outlast his foe by a huge degree.
Joseph, also has things like tommy guns and grenades and oil, he can utilize this oil to coat his weapons and objects in it, oil being a liquid allows him to channel and store hamon onto said objects, displayed with a steel ball against Wham, imagine what would happen if he coated his bullets in it and channeled Hamon in that? It'd be insane, he'd basically have a instant kill haxed out tommy gun.
Joseph's main issue is that his foe is in a helicopter, but at the same time, Joseph is just gonna run the **** away and gather shit or formulate a counter plan if up against something like that, he won't stick around if he can't win or do anything, perhaps Joseph can set up wire traps between various things and lure his foe between them? Whatever the case may be, Joseph will never be engaging it directly so that isn't exactly a huge concern. The concern is how will he take it out, as mentioned there's weapons, traps, luring, if the fight takes place in a cityscape, Joseph could easily set something up between buildings, and have it chase him.
There's also the fact Joseph vastly outsmarts his foe, and will be able to analyze and deduce his actions and intent, this might allow Joseph ways to read ahead and counter his foe's future actions, exploiting them for an opening.
If they ever enter CQC for whatever reason, which I doubt, Joseph, funnily enough, skill *****, Joseph might not be like Batman or Big Boss, but he actually is skilled and eclipses Hamon masters who have trained for decades, his rival is so innately skilled that without even knowing what it is, he instinctively knows some kung fu, just because it's optimal. He's also a crack shot, he can ricochet attacks mid-fall, and one time he flicked pieces of glass and beheaded a fly like ten meters away without even trying. If they get into a shootout, I'm inclined to believe Joseph oddly enough wins based on his marksmen feats which venture into the realm of superhuman.
It should also be noted that sleeping gas won't work on Joseph, he can hold his breath for as mentioned, a ******* LONG time, and while that is bad for Hamon dudes, it's only bad to an extent, as while he can't make more Hamon, any Hamon he already had, stays within his body for use, if he has ample Hamon charged up, which he would given he's trained to make that shit even while sleeping and do it subconsciously, he can still use it for quite awhile.