(長瀬はもう億劫になったのか、フリーセルに夢中で築地に得々と説明することもなかった。Nagase wa mō okkū ni natta no ka, furīseru ni muchūde tsukiji ni tokutoku to setsumei suru koto mo nakatta.)
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Perhaps Nagase was already so absorbed/immersed in FreeCell and annoyed, he didn't even bother trying to explain things to Tsukiji
(M理論はあまりに難解すぎるので、かじったことがあるという程度では築地に説明するだけの自信もない。M-riron wa amarini nankai sugirunode, kajitta koto ga aru to iu teidode wa Tsukiji ni setsumei suru dake no jishin mo nai.)
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The M-theory is so difficult to understand, I am not confident enough to describe it to Tsukiji, even when I have taken a bite/nibble out of it.
(「少なくともフリーセルより有意義やで」フリーセルだって有意義ですけど。Sukunaku tomo Furīseru yori yūigi ya de. Furīseru datte yūigi desu kedo.)
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At the very least, its more meaningful than FreeCell. Though, FreeCell is also meaningful.
(と反論せず、長瀬はしぶしぶ、といった顔でパソコンを閉じた。「まあ、うろ覚えなんだけどー……」)
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Nagase didn't object, but closed his PC with a reluctant expression on his face. "Well, I do vaguely remember..."
(といって長瀬が語り始めたことには、築地も知ってのとおり宇宙の物質を構成する最小単位をつきつめゆけば、分子→原子→陽子という順に、それらの粒子は小さくなってゆく。To itte Nagase ga katari hajimeta koto ni wa, tsukiji mo shitte no tōri uchū no busshitsu o kōsei suru saishō tan'i o tsukitsume yukeba, bunshi → genshi → yōshi to iu jun ni, sorera no ryūshi wa chīsaku natte yuku.)
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Nagase then began to talk about the fact, that Tsukiji also knows, the smallest units that make up all matter in the universe, become smaller in the order of molecules, atoms, protons and so on.
(しかし1960年代から1990年代にかけて、それら最小の粒子を弦の振動として記述できるとわかり、超弦、または超ひもと呼ばれるようになった。Shikashi 1960-nendai kara 1990-nendai ni kakete, sore-ra saishō no ryūshi o gen no shindō to ***** kijutsu dekiru to wakari, chōgen, mata wa chōhimo to yoba reru yō ni natta.)
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However, from the 1960s to the 1990s, it was found that the smallest particles could be described as vibrating strings, and they came to be called superstrings or supercords. [超弦 = Superstring、超ひも = Supercords/also called Superstrings again. Just a Japanese colloquial term for the same thing]
(超ひもには紐のように開いた状態と、輪ゴムのように閉じた状態が考えれらるという。Chōhimo ni wa himo no yō ni aita jōtai to, wagomu no yō ni tojita jōtai ga kangae re-raru to iu.)
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It's said that superstrings can be in an open state like a string, or in a closed state like a rubber band.
(弦が開いた状態の振動だと光子・ウィークポゾン・グルーオンなどの粒子のように見え、閉じた状態だと重力子のように見える。このことから超ひも理論は、それまで折り合いの悪かった一般相対性理論と量子力学を統一する大統一理論となるのではないかと期待されてきた。Gen ga aita jōtai no shindōda to kōshi, Wīkupozon gurūon nado no ryūshi no yō ni mie, tojita jōtaida to jūryoku-ko no yō ni mieru. Ko no koto kara chōhimoriron wa, sore made oriai no warukatta ippan sōtaiseiriron to ryōshirikigaku o tōitsu suru daitōitsuriron to naru node wanai ka to kitai sa rete kita.)
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When the string is vibrating in an open state, it looks like a particle such as photons, weak bosons or gluons, and when its in its closed state it looks like a graviton. For this particular reason, it has been expected that Superstring theory is a grand unified theory that will unify General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics which has previously been at odds with each other.
(宇宙を構成する最小単位、“超ひも”の大きさは10^-35m程度だと推測されるが、あまりにも小さく現代の技術ではまだ観測されていない。そのため、この理論の正しさを観測によって証明することは困難であると思われた。Uchū o kōsei suru saishō tan'i, "chōhimo" no ōki-sa wa 10^-35m-teidoda to suisoku sa reruga, amarini mo chīsaku gendai no gijutsude wa mada kansoku sa rete inai. Sonotame, kono riron no tadashi-sa o kansoku ni yotte shōmei suru koto wa kon'nandearu to omowa reta.)
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The smallest unit of the universe, the “superstring” is estimated to be approximately 10^-35 meters in diameter, but it's so small that it has not yet been observed with modern technology. Henceforth, it seems difficult to prove the validity of this theory by mere observation.
(超ひも理論には5つの種類があり、そのいずれも正しいことが数学的に証明されている。しかしこれら5つの理論が全て正しいとするなら、そのとき、この宇宙が10次元から成り立っていると仮定しなければならない。Chōhimo Riron ni wa itsutsu no shurui ga ari, sono izure mo tadashī koto ga sūgaku-teki ni shōmei sa rete iru. Shikashi korera itsutsu no riron ga subete tadashī to surunara, sono toki, kono uchū ga 10-jigen kara naritatte iru to katei shinakereba naranai.)
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There are five types of Superstring Theory, all of which have been mathematically proven to be correct/valid. However, if all five theories are correct, then we must assume that the universe must consist of ten dimensions.
(また、さらに、1つ次元を加え10次元を11次元にすると、それまでまったく異なると思われていた5つの超ひも理論は、実は同じことを記述しているのだとする仮説が生まれ、超ひも理論が統一される可能性が出てきた(M理論)が、これまたM理論の正しさを実験によって実証する手段がない。Mata, sara ni, ittsu jigen o kuwae 10-jigen o 11-jigen ni suru to, sore made mattaku kotonaru to omowa rete ita itsutsu no chōhimoriron wa, jitsuwa onaji koto o kijutsu ***** iru noda to suru kasetsu ga umare, chōhimoriron ga tōitsu sa reru kanōsei ga detekita (M-Riron) ga, kore mata M riron no tadashi-sa o jikken ni yotte jisshō suru shudan ga nai.)
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In addition, when one dimension is added to make ten-dimensions eleven, the hypothesis was born that the five String Theories, which had been thought to be completely different and separate, actually described the same thing, and the possibility arose that the string theories could be unified (the M-theory) but once again, there is no way to prove the correctness of M-theory by experiment.
(この分野の研究がしばしば、物理学者パウリの言葉を借りて「それは間違ってすらいない」と揶揄されるくらいだ。大統一理論となるポテンシャルへの物理学者の熱い期待はともかく、未完成な理論としていまだ数学的仮説のひとつにとどまっている。Kono bun'ya no kenkyū ga shibashiba, butsurigaku-sha Pauri no kotoba o karite `sore wa machigatte sura inai' to yayu sa reru kuraida. Daitō itsuriron to naru Potensharu e no butsurigaku-sha no atsui kitai wa tomokaku, mikanseina riron to ***** imada sūgaku-teki kasetsu no hitotsu ni todomatte iru.)
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Research in this field is often ridiculed as, in the words of physicist Pauli, "Not even wrong". Regardless of physicists' enthusiastic anticipation of its potential to become a grand unified theory, it remains an incomplete theory and thus a mathematical hypothesis.