Jinbe in no way should be compared to Queen based on their fights against Big Mom, and Jinbe most definitely should not scale to 5-C based on his own fight with her.
Literally right before their encounter, Big Mom's entire top commanders were
commenting on how she's extremely slim and this was the thinnest they've seen her showing genuine and visible, with Big Mom confirming their statements in the next panels, even going as far as
groaning in pain from how hungry she was. Hell, she could
barely even stand. Despite that, Jinbe was visible struggling hard to block the Cognac swing, and the moment Big Mom added the slightest amount of power, Jinbe
got his chest and block sliced open and got sent flying. Right after, Big Mom stated that she was
"dying" of hunger, further showing that she was progressively losing power and getting weaker. After this, Jinbe gets back up and hits Big Mom with a
water-enhanced Vagabond Drill (one oh his strongest attacks), and despite it having a durability negating aspect to it (we see the shockwaves enter Big Mom's body), he couldn't get a single reacting out of Big Mom. In fact, she literally did not acknowledge the attack,
laughing and getting up literal seconds after landing on Zeus. Even Nami with Zeus' lightning could do more to Big Mom,
causing her to yell and fall over in pain instead of just being pushed back and standing up immediately after like what happened when Jinbe attacked.
People often use Big Mom saying that she was "hungry" or the fact that she was suffering from amnesia to slander Queen and call him weak, but saying that without looking at the context makes no sense. Big Mom definitely was both hungry and suffering from amnesia, but we know that when she is in this state, she remains just as strong as before if not far stronger. As a kid, Big Mom became very hungry and showed strength far greater than she showed before, being able to oneshot the Giant Chief with a
single throw. What's interesting about this is that Big Mom was also suffering from amnesia during these events,
not remembering anything afterwards. So no, Big Mom was not weakened by her hunger or amnesia, but instead likely became stronger due to her anger (which makes sense logically due to showing less her restraint). People also try to use her amnesia to say that she was unable to use Haki, which is complete headcanon. We know for a fact that Big Mom
coats herself with Buso passively, meaning that it's usage is not one that needs to be activated consciously. Oda even made an entire
plotline centered around the fact that the ONLY TIME that she is capable of taking damage from people who aren't 5-C while being healthy when she
Carmel's picture gets broken. This weakens her so much so that
falling onto her knees would cause her to bleed. A Base Big Mom with no homies that was angry was
unable to draw blood with a point black strike to Zoan Queen's face, and could only cause him to bleed after
spinning him around several times and throwing him at a wall. Queen was
confirmed to be pretending to be knocked out due to him being a big coward so don't come with the "Queen was two-shot" bs. So Queen was able to take 2 attacks from an enraged Big Mom with her only being able to draw blood and not deal lasting damage shown by the lack of any scratches and the lack of any sign of fatigue from Queen after getting hit. Queen was also able to (with an attack that is logically below the likes of his regular and germa tech attacks)
cause Big Mom's bones to make cracking noises with the shock from his attack being so potent that it was able to reverse the amnesia and cause her head to hurt. And before you say that Big Mom's headache was a result of her brain regaining memories and not a direct result of Queen's headbutt, that makes absolutely 0 sense. We literally see Big Mom directly when she wakes after getting amnesia and she makes no mention of any headaches.
So comparing Jinbe and Queen,
Jinbe:
Fought starving and very skinny Big Mom that could barely walk
Struggled to block even when using Buso
Lost in a power struggle after the slightest amount of force was applied
Had his block blown apart and his chest cut up
Was unable to damage her despite using one of his strongest attacks that also uses some durability negation
Got outdone by Nami moments Later
Queen:
Fought a version of Base Big Mom that is just as strong if not more powerful than her standard Base
Tanked an attack without any damage to show from it
Took an amped attack from Hunger Pang Big Mom without any lasting damage despite not defending himself
Recovered near-instantly without any scratches, fatigue, or blood
Cracked Big Mom's skull
Attacked her with enough force to make her regain her memories
Made her head hurt so much that her first thought revolved around it
All without using Haki and only 1 named attack