Putting on my Nuance
™ cap for a moment.
Still neutral. But here's my two cents.
I think both sides have a valid point here.
On OP's side.
Toriyama's authorial intention is clearly around the level of what OP outlined. He clearly meant for post Saiyan Saga Goku to be struggling with 6 tons of body weight in the Namek Spaceship's 100G generator (he even made Dr. Brief say that 6000 kg number specifically). He clearly meant for Goku to be struggling with 10x gravity on King Kai's planet (620 kg personal weight). He clearly meant for pre 21 WT Goku and Krillin to struggle with 20 kg and later 40 kg training shells. He clearly meant for Buu Saga Base Goku to struggle with 40 tons of additional limb weight without turning Super Saiyan. Etc etc etc.
That much is clear. Toriyama has a pretty clear idea in his mind of how strong his characters are in terms of lifting strength (he literally wrote the numbers down), and ideally, we should scale characters as close as possible to what the authors had in mind.
On the opposing side.
But authorial intention isn't limited to just "Character A can do X thing with Y numbers" direct statements. "Show don't tell" also means its often better to show the character doing X stuff to showcase their capabilities instead of using statements. And Toriyama also clearly isn't shy drawing his characters blowing up entire planets.
And factoring into that, we run into contradictions almost immediately with his lifting strength numbers upon opening the manga.
Chapter 1 showcases an on panel feat of Goku lifting away and throwing Bulma's car.
Bit of a tangent. That car is explicitly, very clearly, a
Renault 5 Turbo. Renault's rally homologation special. I happen to be a car enthusiast and recognized that car model on sight. The weird fenders. The air intakes nearby the rear wheels due to the car's mid engine layout. The hatchback shape. The freaking "TURBO" emblazoned on its car doors. It is unambiguously a Renault 5 Turbo.
Here's an entire video about the Renault 5 Turbo. If you want to watch it, its actually a pretty interesting car.
Toriyama is also a gearhead.
https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a60146623/dragon-ball-akira-toriyama-obituary/ . While he's most famously known for Dragon Ball for obvious reasons, he's also really good on drawing machine illustrations and its a bit of an underappreciated part of his arts.
https://www.zimmerit.moe/akira-toriyama-mechanical-designs/
The Renault 5 Turbo is also subtle characterization on Bulma herself. A 16 year old city girl who was rich enough to buy and casually drive around a limited production WRC homologation special and one of the fastest road cars of its time (it was genuinely Ferrari level fast). The modern equivalent would be a teenager driving around in a Lamborghini Aventador and even that is missing the "limited production enthusiast car" angle. It shows us Bulma is a mechanically inclined rich city girl before we even hear her talk for the first time.
The point is this tangent is that Toriyama know exactly what he's doing when he made Goku able to lift and throw away Bulma's Renault 5 Turbo. This isn't "generic small car." He knew what the car is, what its like to drive, why Bulma is driving one. He may not know/memorize the car's exact curb weight (around 980-1000 kilograms) in mind when drawing that panel, but he definitely had a rough idea in his mind on how heavy the car is and how impressive would it be for Goku to throw it. He absolutely intended Goku to be strong enough to lift and throw away a Renault 5 Turbo with Bulma inside. (At the very least a 1000+ Kg lifting feat, fan made calcs aside). A few pages later, he also made Goku able to tank bullets. Meaning he didn't do this on a whim and clearly intended to showcase that Goku is superhumanly powerful.
And then he made a 20 to 40 kg shell on Goku's back during Master Roshi's training later on to be a significant level of hindrance. A level of extra body weight that exists and IS used for training in real life by ordinary athletic people.
Both of these are true. Toriyama intended both of these to be true. They just happen to be contradictory.
For reference. Here are Amazon listings of real life
weighted vests, some of which can eclipse the 40 kg turtle shell by a significant margin.
According to this document the official US Army guideline on a soldier's recommended max fighting load (the minimum necessary stuff a soldier needs to carry all the time when live bullets are already flying) is 48 lb (22 kg) while the max approach march load (all the necessary gear a soldier carries while moving to their objective) is 72 lb (33 kg). A Marine is expected to march 20 miles in eight hours while carrying this level of weight. In practice however, these guidelines are routinely exceeded, with this
GAO report stating soldiers are actually carrying a total load of 117-119 lb. (53-54 kg)
So 20 to 40 kg isn't even all that high even compared to real life metrics. It simply does not make sense for superhuman characters to even be inconvenienced by this level of weight. And yet it did.
The Giant Piccolo thing, again.
Chapter 177 shows Goku removing 115 kg of weight to be a significant enough factor to speed blitz Tien. Going as far as removing his belt without Tien being able to perceive Goku's movements. Previously they were even. Simply removing 115 kg is a speed blitz level amp for Goku. Toriyama intended this. He even directly stated the number.
And then. Ten chapters later. Toriyama made Goku fight a Piccolo that grew to THIS big. (Wtf)
Notice the cracks nearby Piccolo's feet. This transformation clearly adds mass. Heavy enough for Piccolo to crack the floors by just standing.
Goku, for the most part, isn't concerned about the size increase (see scans below). And in DBS later on Piccolo explicitly states his giant transformation, explicitly the same thing he used on the 23rd tournament against Goku that he also used against Cell Max, doesn't actually increase his power. And that its mostly a bluff.
If removing 115 Kg from Goku is a speedblitz level amp. Then Piccolo turning into a building (Tournament announcer even calls it "Mountain sized") sized giant with an absolute bare minimum mass increase (ridiculously low) of 2 tons (a modern hybrid sedan weighs this much, Piccolo also cracked the ground just by standing) should turn him into a statue. And yet, he keeps up with Goku just fine. Roshi even stated Piccolo's speed is the same despite his size increase. Meaning whatever extra mass Piccolo had by turning giant is completely insignificant compared to his LS (since its the same as a giant or not), which makes no sense if a mere 115 kg extra weight is the difference between a speed blitz or not.
And unlike the previous car lifting example. Additional body weight via weighted clothing and turning yourself into a giant is mechanically, the same thing. You can't really separate the two types of liftings like you could with the previous example.
Toriyama intended Piccolo to be an extremely heavy giant and can move just as fast without a strength boost. Toriyama also intended for 115 Kg to be a significant weight increase, enough to negate a blitz level speed advantage. Both of these are true. Both of these are within just 10 chapters of each other in the same arc. The fact that they contradict each other is also true.
I don't think I need to repeat this with the other feats and anti feats in OG DB. (Like the boulder)
Conclusion(?)
Honestly I kinda forgot what was even I arguing about halfway down making this post.
Anyways. My actual 2 cents here is that Toriyama's insistence (? for a lack of a better word) to draw a somewhat consistent timeline of physical strength growth via weight values, gravity multiplication, statements, and explicit limits/caps (see: OP) are great but heavily contradicts the actual things he draws. He seems to intend both of these things to be true. And in canon, they might be? Somehow. If it were up to me. I'd suggest an
Unknown rating across the board. Or a compromise rating as
@Stefano4444 said. Though the minimum should at least be
Superhuman since Toriyama's intention is clearly that Goku is way stronger than normal humans.
But what do I know. I'm not a staff member and I'm frankly not that well versed about Dragon Ball LS related topics. Anyways, that's my 2 cents
