Fan Calculation: Brains and Orion's Arm Intelligence Scale Comparison

[User_A_98732165489]

Comparing normal living beings brains with Orion's Arm scale:

[https://orionsarm.com/eg-article/4a53a8f690f09] Nearbaseline human ("Neb") has 1.5 kg brain mass, 1500 cm3 brain volume, 1e18 (1000000000000000000) ops/sec speed and 1e18 bits storage.

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_animals_by_number_of_neurons] Modern human has 8.6*10e10 (860000000000) neurons in whole body, ~1.5*10e14 synapses in whole body, and 16340000000 to 21000000000 neurons in cortex. It weights 1200-1400 grams. 15000000 to 17500000 neurons per gram.

For comparison, ravens are comparable to primates, having 2.171*10e9 neurons in entire body and 1204000000 neurons in brain. That's despite their brain being tiny, 5-10 gram weight. 60200000 to 150500000 neurons per gram, about 3.44 to 4 to 8.6 to 10.0(3) times more neurons per gram depending on how you count it.

There are more ops than there are neurons. As such, if dropping fractions, 1 neuron in whole body gives 1162791 ops and bits. 1 synapse gives 667 ops and bits. Each neuron in cortex gives 47619047 to 61199510 ops and bits.

So, how smart a human could get if lots of neurons were grafted onto his brain. Neurons don't even have to be from same species, due to hematoencephalic barrier [https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-01222-1] [https://www.statnews.com/2022/10/12...nt-brain-lead-rat-to-water-and-make-it-drink/] [https://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2022/10/human-rat-brain-neuron.html]. And to make sure it all fits, cranioplasty can be re-purposed to make extensions to skull, to make it bigger. And metal collar-like device can transfer head's weight onto the shoulders, so head doesn't fall off. This is Cortex neurons - as brain is embiggened, not whole nervous system. The actual Singularity starts once grafted neurons vastly out-number the original neurons.

Mobile variant:

• A normal human would have 16340000000 to 21000000000 neurons - which means 1E+18 OPS for Average Human and1,28519E+18 OPS for smart human. Normal Human is Nearbaseliner, but Smart Human is actually equivalent to low-end Superturinggrade. 100% to 129% of average human brainpower.
• A human with entire raven's brain grafted in would have 17544000000 to 22204000000 neurons - which means 1,07368E+18 OPS for Average Human and 1,35887E+18 OPS for smart human. This didn't do much in terms of breakpoints. 107% to 136% of average human brainpower.
• A human with entire another human's brain grafted in would have 32680000000 to 42000000000 neurons - which means 2E+18 OPS for Average Human and 2,57038E+18 for Smart Human. Still in Superturinggrade range. Extra encumbrance is no larger than that of modern helmet; but if helmet is worn on, there will be problems with neck. 200% to 257% of average human brainpower.
• What if we take more efficient brains? 120 to 280 whole raven brains grafted on. Thus giving from 1,4448E+11 to 3,3712E+11 extra neurons. That's plus human's own brain, with 16340000000 to 21000000000 neurons. Thus from 1,6082E+11 to 3,5812E+11 neurons total, and 9,84211E+18 to 2,19168E+19 OPS total. Still superturinggrade. 984% to 2192% average human brainpower.
• What if human had brain 2 times larger than upper level of norm, and it was as effective as raven's brain? It would be equal to 280 to 560 raven brains, for total of 3,3712E+11 to 6,7424E+11 neurons, for 2,06316E+19 to 4,12632E+19 OPS total. Still superturringrade. 2063% to 4126% average human brainpower.

Immobile variant:

• So how much neurons we need for Sl:1? Upper border of Superturinggrade is 1e20 OPS, or 10000% (100x) human brainpower; minimum SL:1 is 100000% (1000x) human brainpower; and average SL:1 is 1560000% (15600x) human brainpower. Thus 1634000000000 to 2100000000000 neurons for High Superturinggrade, 16340000000000 to 21000000000000 for Basic SL:1 and 254904000000000 to 327600000000000 neurons for average SL:1.
• And how many brains that means? 100 to 129 human brains for High Superturinggrade, 1000 to 1285 for Basic SL:1, and 15600 to 20049 for average SL:1. Weight is 1200-1927.5 KG, 1200-1542 KG, and 18720-24058.8 KG respectively. Now think about monstrously large life support system of this thing - life support must be larger than brain itself; we can't even build such life support systems yet.
• And if we use raven brains? 1357 to 1744 raven brains for High Superturinggrade, 13572 to 17442 for basic SL:1 and 211714 to 272093 for average SL:1. Weight is 6.785-8.72 KG, 67.86-87.21 KG, and 1058.57-1360.465 KG respectively; that's low end, high end is double that. A lot more compact, but it would blow up the budget since there just aren't that many ravens on market. Our best options would be just using all brains at hand - from farm animals (e.g. pigs, cattle), captured vermin (e.g. rats), volunteer humans, etc - everything which has neurons. And also, peripheral nervous system can also be dismantled for neurons for grafting.

Well, turns out that SL:1 is out of our league for now, unless you make building-sized amalgamation of brains. Superbright/Superturinggrade is within reach of our current technologies. To keep in mind, Superbright/Superturinggrade represents Extraordinary Genius, "normal" super-scientist we see in media [https://vsbattles.fandom.com/wiki/Category:Super_Scientists]; SL:1 and beyond is lovecraftian overmind, outright incomprehensible to normal humans, like humans are incomprehensible to microbes. Singularity could be kick-started this way, if super-scientist invents better brains; but even without Singularity, this would be very useful.

 

[User_A_98732165489]

Now i'll calculate how smart Martians from War Of The Worlds (1898) are. After all, they're caricatures of what humans would become in far future (Gray Aliens are merely intermediate stage of evolution, 19-th century biologists and caricaturists say).

It's stated that head of Martian is 4 feet (1.2192 meters) in diameters. It's also stated in other part that Martians are the size of a bear, and almost entirety of their body is just one big head.

We use formula of volume (V = (1/6) π D³):
* (1/6)pi(1.2192**3) = 0.9489066370800681 cubic meters

Some space is taken by tentacles, lungs, eyes, skin and such. I'll assume that Martian is 95% brains.
* 0.9489066370800681 * 0.95 = 0.9014613052260646 cubic meters

Human brain has mass of 1.5 kg and volume of 1500 cm3 (0.0015 cubic meters). Thus 1.5/0.0015=1000 kg per cubic meter. Neurons are neurons, so multiplying this:
* 0.9014613052260646 * 1000 = 901.4613052260646 kg, almost a ton (just brain alone is comparable to large Kodiak bear).

We don't know how efficient Martian brain is. Human brain has 15000000 to 17500000 neurons per gram, and Raven brain has 60200000 to 150500000 neurons per gram. Martians are biologically closer to Humans, but their brains are likely more efficient, and thus are likely as powerful as bird brains. Almost entirety of Martian brain is cortex; each neuron gives 47619047 to 61199510 ops and bits. Thus:

• Very low-end: 901.4613052260646 * 1000 * 15000000 = 13521919578390.969 neurons; 644x to 828x human brainpower; 6.439009239336198e+20 to 8.275348524569339e+20 OPS; between High Superturinggrade and Basic SL:1
• Low-end: 901.4613052260646 * 1000 * 17500000 = 15775572841456.13 neurons; 751x to 965x human brainpower; 7.512177445892231e+20 to 9.654573278664229e+20 OPS; between High Superturinggrade and Basic SL:1
• Mid-end: 901.4613052260646 * 1000 * 60200000 = 54267970574609.09 neurons; 2584x to 3321x human brainpower; 2.5841890413869274e+21 to 3.321173207860495e+21 OPS; between Minimum SL:1 and Average SL:1
• High-end: 901.4613052260646 * 1000 * 150500000 = 135669926436522.73 neurons; 6460x to 8303x human brainpower; 6.460472603467318e+21 to 8.302933019651237e+21 OPS; between Minimum SL:1 and Average SL:1

Fan Calculation: AI-2027 and Orion's Arm Intelligence Scale Comparison

Trying to compare AI-2027 [https://ai-2027.com/] and Orion's Arm [https://orionsarm.com/eg-article/4a53a8f690f09] [https://bbs.stardestroyer.net/viewtopic.php?t=155931] scales of greater-than-human Intelligence. Look on which points Safer-∞/Consensus-1 fits on Toposophic Scale. Both are hard...

vsbattles.com

So, Martians are clearly lower-end SL:1 beings. SL:1 Transapients need 1000x human brainpower to qualify and have 15600x human brainpower on average. H.G. Wells did State that Martians transcend humans, just like humans transcend microbes and fish; these calcs verify it.

 

[User_A_98732165489]

On topic of effectiveness. "Human brain has 15000000 to 17500000 neurons per gram, and Raven brain has 60200000 to 150500000 neurons per gram." - that's only if taking cortex into account. Nobody's brain is just one big cortex (unless he's a Martian).

Modern human has 8.6*10e10 (860000000000) neurons in whole body, 16340000000 to 21000000000 neurons in cortex. Raven has 2.171*10e9 neurons in entire body and 1204000000 neurons in brain. Thus:

• 860000000000 / 16340000000 = 1,9% cortex
• 860000000000 / 21000000000 = 2,44186% cortex
• 21710000000 / 1204000000 = 5,545831414% cortex

Calculating efficiency of Terragen Sphere's Processing Substrate:

• Near-Baseline Human: 666666666.6666666 OPS per gram, 666666666666666.6 OPS per cm3; 1x per-mass efficiency and 1x per-volume efficiency; 1 gram per cm3
• Raven (for comparison): 3.44x to 4x to 8.6x to 10.0(3)x more per-mass and per-volume efficiency
• Turinggrade AI: 1897533206831119.5 OPS per gram, 6666666666666667 OPS per cm3; 2846299.8102466795x per-mass efficiency and 10x per-volume efficiency; 3.51(3) gram per cm3
• Superturinggrade AI: 7.692307692307693e+16 OPS per gram, 2.6666666666666666e+17 OPS per cm3; 115384615.38461539x per-mass efficiency and 400x per-volume efficiency; 3.4(6) gram per cm3
• S1 First singularity Hyperturing: 2.8363636363636365e+17 OPS per gram, 9.984e+17 OPS per cm3; 425454545.(45)x per-mass efficiency and 1497.6x per-volume efficiency; 3.52 gram per cm3
• S2 Second Singularity High Transapient: 1.265194740759117e+21 OPS per gram, 4.4537594969871624e+21 OPS per cm3; 1897792111138.6755x per-mass efficiency and 6680639.245480744x per-volume efficiency; 3.5202165749716183 gram per cm3
• S3 Third Singularity Highest Transapient or Godling, speed: 42428571428571.43 OPS per gram, 8865671641791044 OPS per cm3; 63642.857142857145x per-mass efficiency and 13.298507462686567x per-volume efficiency; 0.208955223880597 gram per cm3
• S3 Third Singularity Highest Transapient or Godling, storage: 2.3428571428571426e+30 bits per gram, 4.895522388059701e+32 bits per cm3; 3.514285714285714e+21x per-mass efficiency and 7.343283582089551e+17x per-volume efficiency; 0.208955223880597 gram per cm3
• S3 Third Singularity Highest Transapient or Godling, communication rate: 7314285714285714 bits/sec per gram, 1.5283582089552238e+18 bits/sec per cm3; 10971428.57142857x per-mass efficiency and 2292.537313432836x per-volume efficiency 0.208955223880597 gram per cm3

SL3 is calculated incorrectly by Orion's Arm community - due to being lighter than air and less efficient than tech from previous tech level.

 

[User_A_98732165489]

bump x1

 

[User_A_98732165489]

bump x2

 

[User_A_98732165489]

The "transcends modern humans like modern humans transcend cavemen" question. Comparing different types of cavemen, brains measured in cubic centimeters.

• Australopithecus - 530; 0,407692308x human brainpower; 2,452830189 times smaller
• Homo habilis - 650; 0.5xhuman brainpower, 2 times smaller
• H. erectus - 850 to 1100; 0,653846154x to 0,846153846x human brainpower, 1,529411765 to 1,181818182 times smaller
• H. georgicus - 600-680; 0,461538462x to 0,523076923x human brainpower, 2,166666667 to 1,911764706 times smaller
• H. ergaster - 750-1250; 0,576923077x to 0,961538462x human brainpower, 1,733333333 to 1.04 times smaller
• H. antecessor - 1000; 0,769230769x human brainpower, 1,3 times smaller
• H. cepranensis - 1000; 0,769230769x human brainpower, 1,3 times smaller
• H. heidelbergensis - 1100-1400; 0,846153846x to 1,076923077x human brainpower, 1,181818182 to 0,928571429 times smaller
• H. rhodesiensis - 1280; 0,984615385x human brainpower, 1,015625 times smaller
• H. neanderthalensis - 1200-1900; 0,923076923x to 1,461538462x human brainpower, 1,083333333 to 0,684210526 times smaller (larger than modern human's brain)
• H. sapiens sapiens - 1000-1850; 0,769230769x to 1,423076923x human brainpower, 1,3 to 0,702702703 times smaller (sometimes larger than modern human's brain)
• H. sapiens idaltu - 1450; 1,115384615x human brainpower, 0,896551724 times smaller (sometimes larger than modern human's brain)
• H. floresiensis - 400; 0,307692308x human brainpower, 3,25 times smaller
• Chimpanzee - 330-400; 0,253846154x to 0,307692308x human brainpower, 3,939393939 to 3,25 times smaller
• Modern human - 1300 cubic centimeters. 1x human brainpower. That's us.

If we take more extreme case - difference between humans and chimpanzees - superhuman would have brain of 4225-5122 cubic centimeters brain, 3,25x-3,939393939x brainpower, 3.25e+18 to 5.062869696969685e+18 OPS - being example of low-end Superbright/Superturingrade.

 

[User_A_98732165489]

Then, literally, to "transcend humans like humans transcend microbes and fish" statement about Martians:

Adult zebrafish has 10000000 neurons in whole body. Tardigrade has 200 neurons in brain. Microbe has 0 but counts as 1 since he can somehow think.

Human has 860000000000 neurons in whole body and 16340000000 to 21000000000 neurons in cortes.

So if someone transcends human like human transcends a critter, it is:

• 860000000000 / 10000000 = 86000x human brainpower; more than average SL:1 but less than SL:2
• 16340000000 / 200 = 81700000x human brainpower; more than minimum SL:2 but less than minimum SL:2
• 21000000000 / 200 = 105000000x human brainpower; more than minimum SL:2 but less than minimum SL:2
• 16340000000 / 1 = 16340000000x human brainpower; more than average SL:2 but less than minimum SL:3
• 21000000000 / 1 = 21000000000x human brainpower; more than average SL:2 but less than minimum SL:3

 

[User_A_98732165489]

Human has arithmetic mean of average number of neurons of 18670000000, chimpanzee has average of 7400000000 neurons; 2.522(972) times difference. Human has 1,201 cm3 brain volume, Chimpanzee has 400 cm3 brain volume; 3.0025 times difference.

As a rule of thumb, the lower and upper borders of what would be considered to be "equal" to you in intelligence are less than 2.5-3 times difference; anything 2.5-3 or more times stupider than you is viewed as non-sapient, and anything 2.5-3 or more times smarter than you is superintelligent.

New scale of measure, called "Ape Scale Of Superintelligence", can be useful for napkin math. Each full tripling of number of neurons in cerebellum past average human level represents large qualitative difference in intelligence and tool complexity, as large as difference between modern humans and modern chimps. Breakpoints in Ape Scale are 3**N, where N is level of sapience, with human level taken as 1. Write down how many times creature is more intelligent than human, and see between which breakpoints it lands, look at lower breakpoint (e.g. 2x intelligence is still level 1).

So it goes 1x, 3x, 9x, 27x, 81x, 243x, 729x, 2187x, 19683x, 59049x, and so on and so forth.

Use this Python program to calculate:

v = float(input("how many times creature is more intelligent than human: "))
n = 0
while True:
temp = 3**n
if temp > v:
out = n
break
else:
n += 1
print("intelligence level on Ape Scale:", out)

Examples

• The stupidest hominis which are still sapient are H. floresiensis and Australopithecus. Anything stupider is non-sapient.
• Transhuman with 56010000000 neurons and brain volume of 3600 cm3 would be to human, what human is to chimp (level 2, 3**2=3).
• High-end H.G. Well's Martian has 7267x times more brainpower than average human, which is between levels 8 (3**8=6561x) and 9 (3**9=19683x), so count it as level 9.
• H.G Well's Martian has 644x to 828x to 751x to 965x to 2584x to 3321x to 6460x to 8303x human brainpower depending on which calc is used - making him, on Ape Scale: level 6, level 7, level 7, level 7, level 8, level 8, level 8 and level 9 respectively.
• Orion Arm's Superbright (1.1x - 100x) by Ape Scale range from level 1 to level 5.
• Orion Arm's SL:1 Transapient (1000x basic, 15600x average) by Ape Scale range from level 7 to level 9.
• Orion Arm's SL:2 Transapient (9000000x basic, 5100000000x average) by Ape Scale range from level 15 to level 21.
• Orion Arm's SL:3 Transapient, minimum (minimum 3*10**20 brainpower and 1e37 memory) have level 43 brainpower and level 78 memory
• Orion Arm's SL:3 Transapient, average (2.97e+20 brainpower, 1.67e+37 storage, 5.12e+22 communication rate) has level 43 brainpower, level 79 storage and level 48 communication rate