I think this is just one of like a billion cases of Marvel's power system not perfectly lining up with our tiering system. This isn't a problem for Doctor Strange, so why is it a problem for Silver Surfer. In Marvel, characters can perform 1-A feats and still be 3D beings. That is only a contradiction because we decided it was. If a character can consistently perform feats against a 1-A character but doesn't have BDE, then frankly I think that should be reconciled by following the in-universe logic rather than imposing our own rules on a verse that doesn't have them. I don't want to sound like I'm attacking the tiering system or the people who care about it or anything, but I just think we should follow a verse's logic most of the time in cases of contradiction like this
1-A is getting downgraded to Low 1-A anyway (although maybe getting upgraded back to 1-A after that...). So, the question here really should just be "is it consistent for Silver Surfer to scale to Skyfather level with his energy."
I sympathize with that sentiment, yeah. I myself think that people will sometimes radicalize 1-A's "inaccessibility" to high heavens, since, really, the inaccessibility in question is just supposed to be downstream from the definition of the tier: 1-A superiority is such that it can't be added up to by non-1-A + non-1-A, nor divided down into them, therefore, etc. Other formulations like "1-A and non-1-A are in different qualitative levels and the latter can't affect the former" and so on are just restating the same concept as the former description. There's not much else to it and I'd rather not mystify it. That's what it is. And this same simplicity is why I tend to be charitable towards potential anti-feats: If there's a way to reconcile it, I'm amenable to it as long as there are proper explanations, roughly same as how, if a character is incorporeal and another character punches it out, our takeaway will be that the latter dude has Non-Physical Interaction, rather than that the incorporeality in question simply doesn't grant immunity to physical attacks, or that the punch is an anti-feat for the incorporeality (The disanalogy being that, for 1-A, we require a mechanism, e.g. "power comes from the 1-A realm and such and such", and not just a showing, whereas we don't demand a mechanism for having NPI).
Sometimes, though, things
will just run afoul of that definition regardless. Some cases are obvious, like "ohhh this thing is expanding and after a while it got so big that it
broke through into the supposed 1-Aspace!", and others are less so, and it's not really possible to precisely lay out when one (the obvious) ends and the other (the not-so-obvious) begins. Typical sorites paradox. The latter cases are what give us headaches (Such as right now), and that'll keep happening, I'm afraid, since it's not possible to systematize things enough to cover every imaginable contingency. (Also why I think people should see things more holistically instead of fixating on a strict numbering of "feats vs anti-feats." Sometimes the anti-feats will be an occasion to think that the feats were never actually feats to begin with, or somesuch, or the feats will give you a context within which to judge the anti-feats, and so on)