Breaking biological shells.

[2021_Animal]

Today, we will be discussing the amount of energy required to break shells, surprisingly mysterious feats in powerscaling considering how common those interactions actually happen in real life.

Shells

We'll be using nacre for this. Nacre is found in abalone, oysters, mussels and their extinct relatives..

It has a shear strength (Fragmentation Energy) of 36.9 megapascals (36.9 J/cc), a tensile strength of 65 megapascals (65 J/cc), and a compressive strength of 400 megapascals (400 J/cc).With a specific gravity of 2.6, this comes out to:

Frag: 95.94 J/g

V. Frag: 169 J/g

Pulv: 1.04 KJ/g

Abalone:

Wild Abalone usually weigh on average 1,129 grams without the shell, and with a weight of 1640 grams, this comes out to (1,640 g-1,129 g)=511 grams. low-end:

Fragmentation95.94 J/g)(511 g)=49,025.34 J (Wall level)

Violent Fragmentation169 J/g)(511 g)=86,359 J (Wall level)

Pulverization1,040 J/g)(511 g)=531,440 J (Wall level)

References

https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5m6386k1

Nacre Extract from Pearl Oyster Shell Prevents D-Galactose-Induced Brain and Skin Aging - PubMed

Pearl oyster shells comprise two layers, a prismatic and nacreous layer, of calcium carbonate. The nacreous layer has been used in Chinese medicine since ancient times. In this study, we investigated the effects of the extract from the nacreous layer of pearl oysters (nacre extract) on...

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Cracking the mystery of nature's toughest material

https://youtu.be/etuI308UVyY ANN ARBOR—Nacre, the rainbow-sheened material that lines the insides of mussel and other mollusk shells, is known as nature's toughest material. Now, a team of researchers led by the University of Michigan has revealed precisely how it works, in real time. More com

news.umich.edu

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S175161610900054X

Mechanical strength of abalone nacre: role of the soft organic layer - PubMed

The nacreous portion of the abalone shell is composed of calcium carbonate crystals interleaved with layers of viscoelastic proteins. The resulting structure yields unique mechanical properties. In this study, we focus on the thin viscoelastic layers between the tiles and on their role on the...

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

https://b-real.lab.westlake.edu.cn/PDF/Acta_Biomaterialia_2017_Nacre_review.pdf

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Linear-regression-of-the-weight-g-of-a-red-abalone-without-the-shell-plotted-against_fig2_289806911

 

[Arkenis]

Should find some cgm to help or check this would be useful

 

[2021_Animal]

Should find some cgm to help or check this would be useful

What does that even mean?

 

[Arkenis]

What does that even mean?

Cgm are calc group members, they help and do calc stuff like this.